Overview
A proximal humerus fracture is a break of the upper end of the arm bone at the shoulder. It is common after a fall onto an outstretched arm and especially frequent in older adults with osteoporosis. Many are stable and treated without surgery, while displaced fractures may require fixation or, in severe cases, replacement.
Common Symptoms
- Pain and swelling around the shoulder
- Bruising down the arm
- Inability to lift or rotate the arm
- Tenderness over the upper arm
Causes & Risk Factors
- A fall onto an outstretched arm
- Weakened bone (osteoporosis)
- High-energy trauma in younger patients
Treatment Options
- Sling immobilization with early protected motion for stable fractures
- Physical therapy to prevent stiffness
- Plate, screw, or nail fixation for displaced fractures
- Shoulder replacement for severe or unreconstructable fractures
Recovery & What to Expect
Stable fractures are managed in a sling with early motion to prevent stiffness, healing over 6-12 weeks. Surgically treated fractures follow a protected rehabilitation program, with function improving over several months.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for a medical evaluation. Treatment recommendations depend on your individual diagnosis and goals. Kevin O'Donnell, MD serves Coral Gables, Miami, Brickell, Pinecrest, Coconut Grove.