Overview
Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is painful, progressive stiffening of the shoulder caused by inflammation and contracture of the joint capsule. It often arises without a clear cause, is more common in people with diabetes, and typically passes through painful, stiff, and thawing phases over many months.
Common Symptoms
- Progressive shoulder stiffness and lost motion
- Deep aching pain, often worse at night
- Difficulty with reaching, dressing, and grooming
- Marked loss of both active and passive motion
Causes & Risk Factors
- Often idiopathic (no clear cause)
- Diabetes and thyroid conditions
- A period of shoulder immobilization after injury or surgery
Treatment Options
- A dedicated stretching and physical-therapy program
- Anti-inflammatory medication
- Corticosteroid injection to reduce inflammation
- Manipulation or arthroscopic capsular release for resistant cases
Recovery & What to Expect
Most cases improve with therapy and injection, though full recovery can take many months. Resistant cases respond well to a release procedure followed by focused rehabilitation.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for a medical evaluation. Treatment recommendations depend on your individual diagnosis and goals. Kevin O'Donnell, MD serves Coral Gables, Miami, Brickell, Pinecrest, Coconut Grove.